Humanin is a 24-amino-acid peptide encoded by mitochondrial DNA itself, a close cousin of MOTS-c, and circulating levels fall with age. It was discovered as a factor that shielded cells from Alzheimer's-related death, and the literature since describes it as cytoprotective, anti-apoptotic and insulin-sensitizing. No human trials have completed, so the interest rests on animal and longevity research.
- The mitochondria encode this one themselves: a 24-amino-acid mitochondrial-derived peptide, sibling to MOTS-c.PubMed: humanin
- It was discovered as a factor that shielded cells from Alzheimer's-related death, which is still what drives the neuroprotection research.PubMed: humanin
- The guide describes it as cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic, with improved insulin sensitivity and neuronal protection.Peptide Guide p.49
- The HNG analog (S14G-humanin) is described as the more potent form.Peptide Guide p.49
- Honest limit: no human trials have completed, so every effect above is inferred from animal and longevity data rather than clinical endpoints.Peptide Guide p.49